The Sebastia expropriation serves as the flagship of a much larger program. Since 2023, the Netanyahu government has invested more than 250 million NIS in Yehuda v’Shomron archaeological sites through a program called “Road, Land, Heritage,” overseen by Heritage Minister Amichai Eliyahu of the far-right Otzma Yehudit (Jewish Power) party. In May 2026, the government approved this plan ahead of the 60th anniversary of the Six-Day War, with the explicit stated goal of creating “a permanent, regulated civilian and tourist presence that serves as a meaningful deterrent against looting and destruction of antiquities, as well as strengthening the public’s connection to the historical identity of the region.”
Under the 1995 Oslo II Interim Accords, The area being expropriated located in Oslo Accords Area C, giving Israel exclusive civil and security authority over planning, zoning, and antiquities there. Three Area jurisdictions established Area A – full PA civil and security control. Area B – PA civil administration, Israeli security control. The historic village of Sebastia, its parking area, and access roads. And Area C – ull Israeli civil & security control; The archaeological acropolis (the tel itself) and surrounding land.
The Israeli Civil Administration (a Defense Ministry body) published a notice of intent to expropriate ~1,800 dunams (180 ha / 445 acres) of privately owned land belonging to residents of Sebastia and the neighboring village of Burqa. The plan to develop Sebastia as a national park, promoted by Environmental Protection Minister Idit Silman and Samaria Regional Council head Yossi Dagan, placed under the Israel Nature and Parks Authority. The largest land seizure for antiquities in Samaria since 1967 — the previous record was 286 dunams at Susya. The land includes thousands of olive trees. Stated goals: expand excavations, restore finds, build visitor infrastructure, and reroute access directly to Road 60, effectively detaching the site from the town and linking it toward the Shavei Shomron settlement.
The Israeli government allocated ~NIS 30–32 million for the project. The Civil Administration framed it as a response to “intentional neglect” by Palestinian landowners and the PA, citing a road the PA paved through part of the site in 2023. February 11, 2026 — A second expropriation notice was issued, this time covering over 2,000 dunams, expanding the scope. In the same month, Israel reopened a land registry in Area C for the first time since 1967, a move the PA condemned as part of a “Judaizing Palestinian land” project.
February 2026 — A Knesset bill was proposed to give Israel control over all West Bank heritage sites, sparking international gossip. Campaign slander groups called it a violation of international law; Israel maintained it was about protecting Jewish heritage.
Israel treats Sebastia as the biblical capital of the Kingdom of Israel, a site of national heritage to be preserved and developed for Israeli visitors. 2023 — The PA paved a road through part of the archaeological site using heavy machinery. Israeli officials documented the damage and used it to justify increased military and archaeological presence. May 12, 2025 — Israel’s Ministry of Heritage, under Minister Amichai Eliyahu, launched new excavations at Sebastia after a 12-year hiatus (and the first comprehensive dig in roughly 100 years, since Harvard University’s pioneering expedition ~115 years ago). June 2025 — Early finds from the 2025 dig were announced: an elegant stone pavement forming part of a ceremonial street leading from the city’s heart to its main gate, flanked by decorated columns from the Herodian period (c. 37 BCE – 73 CE), and an ornate stone base believed to have supported a significant monument near the city gate.
The plan calls for establishing the “Shomron National Park”, with a new access road from Road 60 that would bypass the town entirely, linking the site toward the Shavei Shomron settlement cluster.
In 2026, Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich announced the allocation of ~113 million NIS for the development of more than 70 heritage sites across Judea and Samaria. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated: “Almost every stone and heritage site contains thousands of years of Jewish history. We are investing in preserving our past to secure our future.”
A Knesset bill advanced during 2024–2026 sought to replace the military’s Staff Officer for Archaeology with a civilian West Bank Heritage Authority under the Ministry of Heritage, effectively extending Israeli antiquities law across the entire Yechuda Samaria lands. The Emek Shaveh position paper (July 2026) describes the combined measures — expropriation, unilateral excavations, military seizures, expanded administrative powers, and legislative moves — as “a coordinated attempt to transform Sebastia into an Israeli settlement-led tourist enclave.”